Uterine Fibroids vs. Endometriosis: How to Tell the Difference

If you experience painful periods or constant pelvic pressure, you might wonder what is going on inside your body. 

Two of the most common culprits behind these symptoms are uterine fibroids and endometriosis. While they share some signs, they are different conditions that require distinct approaches to care.

At Karen F. Brodman, MD, PLLC in the Upper West Side of New York, New York, Karen F. Brodman, MD, provides comprehensive gynecologic care to help you get an accurate diagnosis. 

Understanding the differences between these conditions is the first step toward finding relief from chronic pelvic pain.

What are uterine fibroids and endometriosis?

Uterine fibroids are noncancerous tumors that grow within or on the muscular walls of the uterus. According to the National Institutes of Health, by age 50, nearly 70% of white, Hispanic, and Asian women and over 80% of Black women in the United States will develop fibroids.

In contrast, endometriosis occurs when tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside of it. The American Medical Association estimates that endometriosis affects about 10% of reproductive-age women, often causing severe internal scarring.

Differences in symptoms and diagnosis

While both conditions cause pain, fibroids are more likely to cause heavy menstrual bleeding, prolonged periods, and a feeling of fullness or pressure in your abdomen. 

Endometriosis pain is often described as a sharp, deep, or burning pain that intensifies during menstruation, intercourse, or bowel movements.

Because endometriosis cannot be seen on standard ultrasounds as easily as fibroids, getting a correct diagnosis can take time. We use advanced diagnostic techniques to evaluate your symptoms and create a personalized treatment plan.

Finding the right treatment for your body

For endometriosis, contraception options like combined hormonal contraceptives are often used as a first-line therapy. As noted by the American Academy of Family Physicians, these hormones help suppress ovulation and reduce tissue inflammation.

For fibroids, treatments range from medication to minimally invasive procedures, depending on your goals. If you are struggling with symptoms or concerned about infertility, we’ll help you find a solution that preserves your health and fertility.

You don't have to live with unexplained pain or heavy bleeding. Our team is here to help you understand your body and find the right path forward. Contact our office in New York, New York, to schedule an appointment with Dr. Brodman today.